PENDEKATAN EKLETIS TERHADAP PERBEDAAN CATATAN NASKAH INJIL YOHANES 5:3B-4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53827/lz.v8i2.21Keywords:
John 5:3b–4, textual criticism, eclectic hermeneutics, canonical consciousnessAbstract
Perdebatan tekstual seputar Yohanes 5:3b–4 menyoroti ketegangan antara otentisitas naskah dan otoritas teologis dalam kanon Perjanjian Baru. Ayat ini, yang menggambarkan intervensi seorang malaikat di Kolam Betesda, tidak terdapat dalam naskah-naskah awal seperti P66, P75, Codex Vaticanus (B), dan Codex Sinaiticus (א), namun muncul dalam Textus Receptus (TR) dan diterima secara luas dalam tradisi gereja Bizantin. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik eklektis melalui tiga tahapan metodologis: analisis komparatif terhadap varian tekstual dalam NA28, WH, dan TR; evaluasi bukti eksternal dan internal yang relevan; serta interpretasi teologis yang dibingkai oleh Wirkungsgeschichte. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ayat 3b–4 secara tekstual lemah dalam tradisi Aleksandria, kehadirannya dalam penggunaan leksionari-liturgis serta pengaruhnya terhadap angelologi dan spiritualitas Kristen awal tidak dapat diabaikan. Membaca perikop ini sebagai Wirkungstext memungkinkan adanya rekonsiliasi antara kritik tekstual dan sensibilitas eklesial. Dalam kerangka theologia crucis, teks ini merefleksikan dinamika interaksi antara penderitaan manusia dan pengharapan akan intervensi ilahi yang supranatural. Otoritas teologis dari sebuah teks Alkitab dibentuk bukan hanya oleh usia dan distribusi naskah, tetapi juga oleh dampaknya terhadap pembentukan iman dan praksis eklesial.
References
Aland, K, B Aland, and Johannes Karavidopoulos. “The New Testament.” Gran Rapids: Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989.
Bucur, Bogdan Gabriel. Angelomorphic Pneumatology: Clement of Alexandria and Other Early Christian Witnesses. Vol. 95. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, Inc, 2009.
Carson, Donald A. The Gospel According to John. London: Intervarsity Press, 1991.
Childs, Brevard S. Introduction to the Old Testament as Scripture. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1979.
Comfort, Philip F. New Testament Text and Translation Commentary. Carol Stream: Tyndale House Publishers, 2014.
Comfort, Philip Wesley. Encountering the Manuscripts: An Introduction To New Testament Paleography & Textual Criticism. Nashville: B&H Publishing Group, 2005.
Ehrman, Bart D. The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture: The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Epp, Eldon Jay. “The Eclectic Method in New Testament Textual Criticism: Solution or Symptom?” Harvard Theological Review 69, no. 3–4 (1976): 211–57.
———. “The Multivalence of the Term ‘Original Text’ in New Testament Textual Criticism.” Harvard Theological Review 92, no. 3 (1999): 245–81.
Fagerberg, David W. Theologia Prima: What Is Liturgical Theology? Chicago: LiturgyTrainingPublications, 2004.
Fee, Gordon D. “On the Inauthenticity of John 5: 3b-4.” Evangelical Quarterly 54 (1982): 207–18.
Grant, Robert McQueen. Heresy and Criticism: The Search for Authenticity in Early Christian Literature. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1993.
Head, Peter M. “Textual Criticism and John 5:3–4.” Tyndale Bulletin 1, no. 1 (1993).
Holmes, Michael W. “Reasoned Eclecticism in New Testament Textual Criticism.” The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary Research: Essays on the Status Quaestionis, 2013, 771–802.
Hurtado, Larry W. The Earliest Christian Artifacts: Manuscripts and Christian Origins. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing, 2006.
Iser, Wolfgang. The Act of Reading:A Theory of Aesthetic Response. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1978.
Jaroslav, Pelikan. Whose Bible Is It? A History of the Scriptures Through the Ages. New York: Viking Penguin, 2005.
Jenson, Robert W. Systematic Theology, Volume 1: The Triune God. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Jeremias, Joachim. Jerusalem in the Time of Jesus: An Investigation into Economic and Social Conditions During the New Testament Period. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1969.
Koester, Craig R. “The Healing at the Pool of Bethesda (John 5: 1-18): A Study in Light of the Archaeological Evidence from Bethesda, Jewish and Greco-Roman Practice, and the Johannine Narrative,” 2019.
Metzger, Bruce Manning. A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. Vol. 28. London: United Bible Societies London, 1971.
———. A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1994.
Osburn, Carrol D. “The Text of John 5:3–4 in Light of Patristic Evidence.” Ew Testament Studies 49, no. 1 (2003): 116–18.
Parker, David. “Textual Criticism and Theology.” The Expository Times 118, no. 12 (2007): 583–89.
Porter, Stanley E. Idioms of the Greek New Testament. Vol. 2. London: A&C Black, 1992.
Robinson, Maurice A, and William G Pierpont. The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform. Boston: Chilton Book Publishing, 2005.
Royse, James R. Scribal Habits in Early Greek New Testament Papyri. Vol. 36. London: Brill, 2007.
Sanders, Ed Parish. The Historical Figure of Jesus. Vol. 28. London: Penguin, 1995.
Schmemann, Alexander. For the Life of the World: Sacraments and Orthodoxy. Crestwood: St Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1973.
Sturz, Harry. The Byzantine Text-Type & New Testament Textual Criticism. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 2022.
Thiselton, Anthony C. The Two Horizons: New Testament Hermeneutics and Philosophical Description. Grand Rapids: Eerdmands Publishing Company, 1981.
Wainwright, Geoffrey. “Liturgy and Theology.” In He Oxford Handbook of Systematic Theology, edited by John Webster. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Wallace, Daniel B. Revisiting the Corruption of the New Testament: Manuscript, Patristic, and Apocryphal Evidence. Grand Rapids: Kregel Academic, 2011.
Westcott, Brooke Foss, and Fenton John Anthony Hort. The New Testament in the Original Greek. Vol. 2. London: Macmillan, 1882.
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2025-10-07 (2)
- 2025-08-08 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Hendra Aritonang (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
